Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze the uolatile constituent in five commercial samples of Rhizoma curcumae. MethodsThe volatile oils were obtained by hydrodistillation. The chemical compositions in volatile oils were identified by GCMS.Results43 compounds of volatile oils were separated and identified. The main compounds of volatile oils in Rhizoma Curcumae were Curzerene (sample No.1,3,4) or 8,9dehydro9formylCycloisolongifolene (2~5) or αCurcumene (2,5) or Diepiα-cedrene (3) etc. Conclusion Quality of the five commercial samples were significantly different. The chemical components of volatile oils in Rhizoma curcumae should be further studied.