Abstract:ObjectiveTo understand the status of chemical and pharmacological studies on plants of the genus Pholidota. MethodsTo investigate literatures in the world on the chemical and pharmacological studies on the genus. ResultsOnly five species of Pholidota genus were studied and 41 compounds were isolated and characterized including 9,10dihydrophenanthrenes, phenanthraquinone, bibenzyls, stilbenes, triterpenoids, phenyl propanoids, lignans, sterols and aliphatic compounds, and some plants and compounds exhibited analgesic, antioxidant, anticancer and NO production inhibitory activities. ConclusionStudies on plants of the genus have important significance to the finding of new bioactive compounds and the protection of resources.
Key words:Pholidota; Chemical constituents; Pharmacological study
石仙桃属植物含有同科石斛属植物相似结构类型的9, 10二氢菲类和联苄等成分,但有些成分如三萜在石斛属植物中很少发现。虽然石仙桃属和石斛属植物在化学成分和药理作用有某些类似,深入的比较研究应当加强。
菲类和联苄类是近年来石斛属植物中发现的具有重要生物活性的成分,如毛兰素、毛兰菲、moscatilin、moscatin和鼓槌菲等联苄和菲类化合物具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗病毒和抗血小板凝集等活性[22~25]。石仙桃属植物分布广泛,提供了一个非常丰富的天然菲类和联苄类化合物库。我国石仙桃属植物有14种,仅石仙桃和云南石仙桃进行了一些研究。 由于近年来石斛属植物的过度开发利用而代替石斛类药材应用,其资源也将会越来越少。今后应从以下几方面开展工作:①继续深入研究本属植物尤其是资源量较丰富植物的化学成分,并采用药理筛选活性跟踪,得到活性成分,研究活性成分的药理作用,以阐明药用植物的作用物质基础和发现新的药用活性化合物;②研究石仙桃属植物的药理作用,并与中药石斛进行对比,确定某些品种可以代替石斛药用,以扩大石斛药源;③做好资源调查,搞清本属植物的分布和储量,做好资源的保护工作,防止濒危植物的灭绝。同时研究人工栽培和组培技术,以满足市场的大量需求。
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